What are the symptoms of gum disease?
It's possible to have gum disease without realizing you have a problem. That's why those twice yearly visits to your dentist are particularly important. In most cases, you will have some symptoms, such as:
- Bleeding gums
- Pain when chewing
- Persistent bad breath
- Receding gums
- Sensitive teeth
- Loose teeth or dentures
What is the cause of gum disease?
Gum disease develops when bacteria-laden plaque forms at your gum line. If you don't remove it promptly, it can turn into a hard deposit called tartar. Plaque and tartar irritate and attack sensitive gum tissue. Gingivitis, the milder form of gum disease, occurs when your gums look red and bleed easily.
Periodontitis, the more serious type of gum disease, occurs when your gums start to detach from your teeth. When this happens, you'll notice spaces, or pockets, around your teeth. If periodontitis isn't treated promptly, you may eventually lose some of your teeth.
Who gets gum disease?
Brushing, flossing and visiting your dentist for regular cleanings can help you prevent gum disease. In some cases, even though you practice good oral hygiene, you may still get the disease. Things that may make you more likely to develop gum disease include:
- Diabetes
- Leukemia
- Poor nutrition
- Chemotherapy
- Substance abuse
- Bite problems
- Genetics
- Smoking
- Hormonal changes during menstruation, pregnancy and menopause
- HIV or AIDs
- Medication side effects
How do dentists treat gum disease?
Regular dental cleanings remove plaque and tartar, preventing bacteria from attacking your gums. If you have periodontitis, your dentist can remove plaque and tartar below the gums with a deep cleaning. Surgery to reduce pockets, or bone or soft tissue grafts may be needed if gum disease is severe.