Orthognathic surgery is a specialized procedure that addresses issues related to the misalignment of the jaws and facial bones. It is carried out by highly skilled oral surgeons, known as orthodontists, who treat disorders of the jaws, teeth, and facial structures.
The term "orthognathic" is derived from the Greek words "ortho," meaning straight, and "gnathic," meaning jaw. Orthognathic surgery aims to correct functional and aesthetic problems caused by discrepancies in the position and growth of the upper jaw (maxilla) and lower jaw (mandible).
In order to achieve ideal alignment and enhance the bite, facial balance, and general oral function, this surgical procedure entails carefully realigning one or both jaws.
Who Needs Orthognathic Surgery?
Orthodontists may recommend orthognathic surgery for individuals experiencing the following conditions:
Severe underbite or overbite: When the upper and lower jaws are significantly misaligned, causing the teeth to fit together incorrectly, it can lead to difficulties in chewing, speaking, and breathing.
Open bite: This occurs when the upper and lower teeth do not meet properly when the mouth is closed, making it challenging to bite and chew food effectively.
Facial asymmetry: Significant differences in the size or position of the jaws can result in facial imbalance or asymmetry.
Sleep apnea or breathing difficulties: Jaw misalignment can obstruct the airway, leading to sleep apnea or other breathing issues.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: Jaw misalignment can put excessive pressure on the TMJ, causing pain and dysfunction.
In many cases, orthodontists may attempt non-surgical treatments, such as orthodontic braces or appliances, before considering orthognathic surgery. However, if these methods are insufficient to correct the underlying jaw deformity, surgery may be the recommended solution.